Minshen Shares: Application of high-reliability capacitive silicon microphones in vehicles
Application of High-Reliability Capacitive Silicon Microphones in Vehicles
MEMSensing Microelectronics
Capacitive Silicon Microphone
Capacitive silicon microphones manufactured using MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) technology offer significant advantages over ECMs (Electret Condenser Microphones) in terms of miniaturization, performance, reliability, environmental tolerance, cost, and mass production capabilities. Upon their introduction, they quickly captured the market for consumer electronics products such as mobile phones, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), and headphones.
With the rapid development of the semiconductor electronics industry and the rapid iteration of chip manufacturing and packaging technologies, MEMS silicon microphones have seen significant improvements in both performance and the reliability of their chips and packaging, enabling them to meet the higher reliability and performance requirements of automotive applications, such as in-vehicle human-machine interaction, ANC (Active Noise Cancellation), and RNC (Road Noise Control).
Working Principle of Capacitive Silicon Microphones
Silicon microphones manufactured using MEMS technology typically consist of two parallel plates: a solid backplate and a flexible, movable diaphragm. The diaphragm and backplate form a variable capacitor. The diaphragm moves in response to incident sound waves, changing the capacitance and thus generating an electrical signal that represents the incident acoustic energy, converting sound signals into electrical signals.
Automotive Applications
The application of silicon microphones in multiple locations within a vehicle is broadly categorized into voice interaction and noise cancellation functions.
1) Voice Interaction:
Multi-position voice interaction within the vehicle is the gateway to the intelligent cockpit, including functions such as voice recognition, wake-up, and localization. It can control navigation, make calls, find nearby restaurants, operate air conditioning and windows, or even tell jokes. The capabilities of voice interaction are constantly expanding, showing a trend towards replacing physical buttons and touchscreens, becoming the dominant human-machine interaction method in the vehicle.
2) Active Noise Cancellation:
The working principle of automotive ANC (Active Noise Cancellation): All sounds are composed of specific frequency spectrums. By finding a sound with a frequency spectrum identical to the noise to be eliminated, but with the opposite phase, the noise can be neutralized and cancelled, achieving a noise reduction effect. Automotive ANC can be used to eliminate engine and transmission noise, and is currently generally used in high-end vehicle models.
Solution
To meet the quality requirements of automotive applications, MEMSensing and its wholly-owned subsidiary Desb Electronic have obtained IATF16949 certification, a quality management system standard for the automotive industry. IATF 16949 is an international automotive industry technical specification based on ISO9001, with additional automotive industry specifications. This system aims to guide and regulate enterprises to produce according to automotive industry standards, ensuring the timely and sustainable supply of products that consistently meet quality requirements.
In terms of products, MEMSensing has launched one analog and one digital MEMS silicon microphone, both with higher reliability and meeting the AEC-Q100/Q103 reliability requirements of the automotive market.
In automotive audio applications (such as voice interaction between users and smart cars), higher requirements are placed on the operating temperature range of MEMS microphones: -40 to 105℃ (the operating temperature for typical consumer products is -40 to 85℃). The operating temperature range of this microphone is -45 to 105℃, with high sensitivity consistency, controllable within ±1dB.
Secondly, both microphones have a High AOP (Acoustic Overload Point) of 130dB SPL, allowing them to acquire audio commands in noisy environments, suitable for voice interaction in automotive applications. In addition, both microphone products are ANC MICs, with a relatively flat low-frequency response and a High SNR (Signal-Noise Ratio) of 66dB. Combining high SNR with high AOP, both microphones are suitable for automotive and ANC applications.
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